NCT06663020

Impact of Smoking Cessation Duration on Postoperative Complications in Lung Cancer Surgery

• Status: Active Not Recruiting
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 248 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Caner İşevi, MD · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 80 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the duration of smoking cessation before surgery and postoperative complications in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery. Lung cancer surgery patients who have recently quit smoking or are long-term nonsmokers will be evaluated to determine if the timing of smoking cessation impacts the risk of complications after surgery. By analyzing these factors, the study seeks to provide guidance on optimal smoking cessation timing to reduce postoperative risks.

Detailed description

This prospective observational study aims to examine the impact of smoking cessation duration on postoperative complications in lung cancer surgery patients. Lung cancer remains the most lethal type of cancer globally, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for approximately 85% of cases. Tobacco use is the most well-established risk factor for lung cancer, and a significant portion of lung cancer patients have either smoked in the past or continue to smoke. Smoking status and the timing of cessation before surgery have been shown to influence postoperative outcomes. Prior research suggests that cessation at least 2-4 weeks before surgery may reduce postoperative complications, with the World Health Organization recommending a minimum of four weeks of cessation before surgery to decrease the risk of adverse outcomes. In this study, patients will not be categorized based on smoking or cessation status alone but will be documented on a continuum by recording the exact number of days or weeks between their smoking cessation and their surgical procedure. The primary objective is to assess whether a specific duration of smoking cessation is associated with a reduced risk of postoperative complications, including both pulmonary and non-pulmonary complications. These complications are defined in two categories: respiratory (e.g., atelectasis, pneumonia, respiratory failure) and non-respiratory (e.g., atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, wound infection). Patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), uncontrolled asthma, severe neuromuscular disease, advanced thoracic deformity, or severe cardiovascular disease will be excluded to minimize confounding variables. The study will also exclude patients with emergency surgeries, pregnant individuals, and those who have undergone prior thoracic surgeries. The sample size calculation, performed using G\*Power software, determined a minimum of 248 participants would be needed to achieve a 95% confidence level and statistical power of 95%. Data analysis will include logistic regression to examine the relationship between smoking cessation duration and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Risk assessment tools, including the ARISCAT, Gupta Postoperative Pneumonia Risk, and Melbourne Group Scale, will be utilized to evaluate each patient's risk profile. Data collection will focus on the following variables: Patient demographics, comorbidities, neoadjuvant therapy, preoperative smoking history, lung function tests, operative and anesthesia times, intraoperative blood loss, pathological staging, and 30-day postoperative complications. Quality assurance will involve source data verification from medical records to ensure accuracy, as well as routine data validation checks to maintain data consistency. The statistical analysis will be guided by a comprehensive analysis plan, detailing the primary and secondary outcome evaluations. The findings aim to contribute to understanding the optimal smoking cessation timing to reduce surgical risks and enhance patient outcomes in lung cancer surgery.

Conditions

• Smoking Cessation
• Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
• Postoperative Complication

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Smoking Cessation Duration	Participants are categorized based on their smoking status and the duration since they quit smoking prior to lung cancer surgery. This observational study focuses on evaluating the relationship between the duration of smoking cessation (measured in days or weeks) and the incidence of postoperative complications. Smoking cessation duration is recorded for each participant to determine its impact on surgical outcomes.

Timeline

• Start date: 2023-06-15
• Primary completion: 2024-11-15
• Completion: 2025-12-15
• First posted: 2024-10-29
• Last updated: 2025-11-14

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Turkey (Türkiye)