NCT03631498

Apoptotic Changes in Gingiva Caused by Smoking

Apoptosis and Tissue Destruction in Gingival Tissues of Smoker and Non-smoker Periodontitis Patients

• Status: Completed
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 60 (actual)
• Sponsor: Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 30 Years – 50 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

Smoking is a major environmental risk factor associated with common forms of human chronic periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate apoptotic tissue alterations and tissue destruction in smoker and non-smoker chronic periodontitis patients and healthy individuals. The investigators of the study suggest that smoking decrease tissue quality and increase inflammation level in gingival tissues in both healthy individuals and periodontitis patients. One possible mechanism for this is suggested to be increased apoptosis.

Detailed description

Periodontal disease disrupts soft tissue metabolism in the gingiva through a decrease in the production of collagen, the quality, and quantity of the connective tissue. The etiology and pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis are mostly revealed, however, the mechanism of environmental factors such as smoking yet to be clarified. Major consequences of smoking in gingival tissues are suggested to be the reduction in neutrophil and fibroblast function, decreased immunoglobulin G production, increased periodontal pathogen bacteria prevalence, difficulty in eliminating pathogens with mechanical therapy, and reduction in growth factor production. In the present study, markers of tissue destruction, matrix metalloproteinase-8 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1, hypoxia markers, vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor and apoptotic markers, bax, bcl-2, and caspase-3 were evaluated.

Conditions

• Smoking
• Chronic Periodontitis

Timeline

• Start date: 2017-01-10
• Primary completion: 2018-01-10
• Completion: 2018-04-10
• First posted: 2018-08-15
• Last updated: 2018-08-16

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Turkey (Türkiye)