NCT02154685

Extinction Updating in Reconsolidation

Reducing Smoking Cue Reactivity and Behavior Via Retrieval-Extinction Mechanism

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 77 (actual)
• Sponsor: Medical University of South Carolina · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 65 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

Smoking occurs in approximately 21% of the US population, is responsible for an annual mortality rate of approximately 438,000 citizens, and has an associated healthcare economic burden of $167 billion. Although pharmacotherapies have improved cessation outcome, the vast majority of individuals making quit attempts relapse within 5-10 days of cessation. The hypotheses to be examined in this study may have potentially important implications for smoking cessation treatment and will, therefore, target the single greatest addiction-related cause of morbidity and mortality.This study will investigate a novel behavioral strategy for altering important memory processes that underlie human smoking-related nicotine addiction. This strategy used in this study employs established cue exposure procedures to putatively update smoking-related memory with information that will suppress responding to smoking cues. The goal here is to alter existing nicotine-related memory directly rather than rely exclusively on the establishment of an inhibitory extinction process, via traditional cue exposure therapy, which is known to be vulnerable to spontaneous recovery, renewal and reinstatement. Positive findings would represent a significant advance in exposure-based therapy for addiction and could lead to a treatment that uniquely targets the problem of cue-elicited craving and reactivity, thereby addressing a major obstacle to successful smoking cessation.

Detailed description

We propose to examine the effects of two sessions of retrieval-extinction (R-E) training in smokers who are making a quit attempt. Retrieval will be initiated by a brief (5-min.) video with smoking-related content and the extinction will consist of protracted (1 hr.) exposure to smoking cues. A control group receiving the same treatment except that the retrieval video will have nonsmoking/neutral content will serve to demonstrate that retrieval is a key feature of R-E training. Effects of training on smoking craving and cue reactivity will be assessed 1-day, 2-weeks and 4-weeks post-training, whereas training effects on indices of smoking behavior/cessation will be preliminarily assessed 2-weeks and 4-weeks post-training. It is expected that the R-E training will result in significant and enduring reductions in craving and reactivity to both novel and familiar smoking cues and have a favorable impact on smoking. Positive findings from this study could lead to a safe and effective behavioral intervention that will help smokers overcome the threat to cessation posed by cue-elicited craving and reactivity, and thereby reduce the burden levied against society by this most costly addiction. Additionally, this intervention could be modified to treat addiction to other substances.

Conditions

• Nicotine Addiction
• Smoking Cessation

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Retrieval-Extinction	A relatively brief exposure to cues prior to conducting more protracted cue exposure. This is referred to as retrieval-extinction training.
BEHAVIORAL	Non-Retrieval Extinction	Neutral cue exposure.

Timeline

• Start date: 2013-12-01
• Primary completion: 2015-09-01
• Completion: 2015-09-01
• First posted: 2014-06-03
• Last updated: 2015-10-02

Locations

1 site across 1 country: United States