NCT06984315

Effects of Anesthesia Type on Inflammatory Response

Spinal Anesthesia Mitigates Systemic Inflammatory Response Compared to General Anesthesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study

• Status: Completed
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 849 (actual)
• Sponsor: Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 75 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

In total knee arthroplasty, surgical and anesthetic procedures can lead to a significant increase in systemic inflammation. This procedure is frequently performed under either general or spinal anesthesia. However, studies investigating the effect of anesthesia type on systemic inflammation have shown conflicting results. The Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI) and the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) provide important information about the extent of systemic inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of general and spinal anesthesia on perioperative changes in SII and SIRI during total knee arthroplasty. Between January 2020 and April 2025, data from 849 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were retrospectively reviewed. Patients received either spinal anesthesia (Group S) or general anesthesia (Group G). The groups were compared in terms of changes in perioperative SII and SIRI (ΔSII and ΔSIRI), total opioid consumption, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay.

Conditions

• Spinal Aneshtesia
• General Anesthetic
• Inflammation
• Neutrophils
• Total Knee Arthroplasty
• White Blood Cells

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	The effects of the groups on perioperative inflammation changes were compared.	Between January 2020 and April 2025, data from 849 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative hemogram values were obtained during routine anesthesia clinic evaluation, typically one day prior to surgery. Postoperative hemogram samples were collected on the day of surgery (postoperative day 0), within 4 to 12 hours after the procedure. Blood parameters included neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet counts. Based on these values, inflammatory indices such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) were calculated.

Timeline

• Start date: 2020-01-01
• Primary completion: 2025-04-01
• Completion: 2025-05-10
• First posted: 2025-05-22
• Last updated: 2025-05-25

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Turkey (Türkiye)