NCT06279819

Effectiveness of Gut Microbiota-targeted Dietary Intervention Among HIV-infected Patients

Effectiveness of Gut Microbiota-targeted Dietary Intervention in Preventing Borderline Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among HIV-infected Patients

• Status: Unknown
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 106 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Fudan University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to conduct a dietary intervention targeting HIV-specific gut microbiota alterations for primary ASCVD prevention and evaluate its effectiveness in preventing borderline ASCVD risk among HIV-infected patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Explore the pivotal role of the gut-heart axis in the causal relationship between HIV infection and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. * Develop a targeted dietary intervention focusing on gut microbiota to prevent the borderline risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients. * Evaluate the effectiveness of the gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention in reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among HIV-infected patients, altering gut microbiota composition, improving risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and alleviating prodromal symptoms associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Participants in the intervention group will receive the gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention thrice weekly for 3 months, accompanied by bi-weekly health education videos for the same duration. Meanwhile, the control group will continue routine follow-up and health education practices. The intervention will span three months, followed by a three-month follow-up period. Data collection will occur at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.

Detailed description

Methods and data: 1. Mendelian randomization A two-step, two-sample mendelian randomization will be employed to investigate the potential mediating roles of gut microbiota in the causal relationship between HIV and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Utilizing GWAS summary statistics from the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit OpenGWAS data and the MiBioGen study, we will conduct univariable mendelian randomization. The first step involves examining the causal pathway of HIV infection on gut microbiota (the coefficient=α), followed by elucidating the influence of gut microbiota on the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (the coefficient=β). The multiplication of these estimates (α\*β) will delineate the mediation effects attributed to gut microbiota. Identification of specific gut microbiota exhibiting substantial mediation effects will guide the selection of our targeted intervention. 2. Systematic review To establish an empirical research foundation, a systematic review will synthesize evidence concerning the correlation between dietary patterns and gut microbiota, as well as the relationship between microbiota and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among people living with HIV. A thorough systematic search across database including PubMed/MEDLINE, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Articles meeting predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria will undergo rigorous extraction and summarization processes. 3. Intervention design and expert evaluation The intervention protocol will be formulated, drawing from the gut microbiota identified demonstrating significant mediation effects in the causal association between HIV infection and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, along with insights gleaned from the systematic review. Subsequently, multidisciplinary experts will be invited to evaluate the drafted protocol using the FAME (Feasibility, Appropriateness, Meaningfulness and Effectiveness) scale developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. 4. Pragmatic randomized controlled trial We utilize a pragmatic randomized controlled trial design to evaluate the effectiveness of dietary intervention in real-world conditions, without strict control, thereby enhancing the generalizability and clinical applicability of our study findings. Participants at Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, exhibiting HIV with a borderline risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (5% to \<7.5%) determined by the pooled cohort equation, will be enrolled. Upon providing informed consent, participants will undergo dynamic randomization into intervention and control groups, aiming for a 1:1 ratio while preserving maximum unpredictability. The intervention group will receive the gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention thrice weekly for 3 months, accompanied by bi-weekly health education videos for the same duration. Meanwhile, the control group will continue routine follow-up and health education practices. The intervention will span three months, followed by a three-month follow-up period. Data collection will occur at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Primary outcomes will assess atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk via the pooled cohort equation and evaluate gut microbiota diversity and composition. Secondary outcomes will encompass biomarkers and predictors associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as symptoms related to the condition.

Conditions

• Hiv
• Cardiovascular Diseases
• Diet, Healthy

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT	gut microbiota-targeted dietary intervention	The dietary intervention used the dietary intervention plan constructed in Phase 2, on the basis of which each study participant's individual dietary habits, food preferences and economic level were taken into account. The dietary intervention was delivered by sending fresh ingredients. To ensure the freshness and quality of the ingredients, 2 dedicated researchers were jointly responsible for the procurement of fresh ingredients, which were purchased through regular channels on Monday, Wednesday and Friday mornings. Ingredients will be delivered three times a week for a 12-week intervention period. The initial food items to be sent include: 90g of fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids; 300g of vegetables and/or legumes, and 200g of fruits; 30g of nuts; and a cup of probiotic yogurt. Guided dietary follow-up was conducted through video viewing and WeChat or telephone follow-up. The researcher will provide cooking instruction or dietary pattern guidance by sending videos every two weeks.

Timeline

• Start date: 2024-03-01
• Primary completion: 2024-12-31
• Completion: 2024-12-31
• First posted: 2024-02-28
• Last updated: 2024-02-28

Locations

1 site across 1 country: China