NCT06079034

Impact of Cannulation Strategy on Neurologic Injury in Infants With Respiratory Failure

Impact of Cannulation Strategy on the Rate of Neurologic Injury in Infants With Respiratory Failure: A Propensity Score Analysis of the ELSO Registry

• Status: Completed
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 5,058 (actual)
• Sponsor: University of Michigan · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 0 Days
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

There has been increasing use of venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for infants with respiratory failure, up to 92% of neonatal respiratory support in 2021. This study seeks to leverage the increased use of VA ECMO in this cohort to enrich an evaluation of the differences in rate of intracranial hemorrhage and ischemic stroke between venovenous (VV) and VA ECMO among infants with respiratory failure where clinicians may choose either strategy. This project is a retrospective review of data in the ELSO registry.

Detailed description

From 2019-2021, there was increased use of venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for infants with respiratory failure, up to 92% of neonatal respiratory support in 2021. The primary aim is to estimate the average effect on the rate of neurologic injury of VA ECMO versus venovenous (VV) among infants with respiratory failure over the period 2013-2018, during which clinicians could choose either cannulation strategy. This causal effect will be estimated using an inverse propensity weighted (IPW) approach. Secondarily, the investigators will project this estimated treatment effect forward into the period 2019-2021. The beginning of this period roughly corresponds to start of increased use of VA ECMO. Under the assumption of a homogenous treatment effect across both study periods, the rate of neurologic injury that would have occurred in 2019-2021 will be estimated, had the rate of VA ECMO not increased relative to pre-2019 levels. The hypothesis is that the results will point to an increased rate of neurologic injury starting in 2019 due to the increased use of VA ECMO.

Conditions

• Respiratory Failure

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
PROCEDURE	Venovenous ECMO	Initial support type of venovenous ECMO via a dual-lumen on two-site VV ECMO cannulation strategy
PROCEDURE	Venoarterial ECMO	Initial support type of venoarterial ECMO

Timeline

• Start date: 2023-10-18
• Primary completion: 2023-12-12
• Completion: 2023-12-12
• First posted: 2023-10-12
• Last updated: 2024-04-04

Locations

1 site across 1 country: United States