NCT04816760

Immune Cells Phenotypes During COVID-19

Alterations of Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells During the Course of SARS CoV-2 Pneumonia

• Status: Unknown
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 100 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

The ongoing pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) has infected more than one hundred twenty million peoples worldwide one year after its onset with a case-fatality rate of almost 2%. The disease due to the coronavirus 2019 (i.e., COVID-19) is associated with a wide range of clinical symptoms. As the primary site of viral invasion is the upper respiratory airways, lung infection is the most common complication. Most infected patients are asymptomatic or experience mild or moderate form of the disease (80 %). A lower proportion (15%) develop severe pneumonia with variable level of hypoxia that may required hospitalization for oxygen therapy. In the most severe cases (5%), patients evolve towards critical illness with organ failure such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). At this stage, invasive mechanical ventilation is required in almost 70 % and the hospital mortality rises to 37 %. Immune cells are key players during SARS CoV-2 infection and several alterations have been reported including lymphocytes (T, B and NK) and monocytes depletion, and cells exhaustion. Such alterations were much more pronounced in patients with the most severe form of the disease. Beside, a dysregulated proinflammatory response has also been pointed out as a potential mechanism of lung damage. Finally, COVID-19 is associated with an unexpectedly high incidence of thrombosis which probably results from the viral invasion of endothelial cells. The investigators aim to explore prospectively the alterations of innate and adaptive immune cells during both the acute and the recovery phase of SARS CoV-2 pneumonia. Flow and Spectral cytometry will be used to perform deep subset profiling focusing on T, B, NK, NKT, gamma-gelta T, monocytes and dendritic cells. Each specific cell type will be further characterized using markers of activation/inhibition, maturation/differenciation and senescence as well as chemokines receptors. T-cell memory specificity will be explore using specific SARS CoV-2 pentamer. Platelet activation and circulating microparticles will be explore using flow cytometry. Serum SARS CoV-2 antibodies (IgA, IgM, IgG), serum cytokines, and serum biomarkers of alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells will be analyze using ELISA and correlate with the severity of the disease.

Conditions

• Sars-CoV2
• Innate Immunity
• Immunization; Infection
• Alveolar Lung Disease
• Endothelial Dysfunction

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BIOLOGICAL	Peripheral blood samples	Peripheral blood samples at Day 0, Day 7, Day 14, Day 28, Day 90 and Day 180.

Timeline

• Start date: 2020-03-25
• Primary completion: 2021-06-01
• Completion: 2021-12-01
• First posted: 2021-03-25
• Last updated: 2021-03-25

Locations

2 sites across 1 country: France