NCT00321685

Bevacizumab, Radiation Therapy, and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Patients Who Are Undergoing Surgery for Locally Advanced Nonmetastatic Rectal Cancer

Phase II Study of Preoperative Radiation With Concurrent Capecitabine, Oxaliplatin and Bevacizumab Followed by Surgery and Postoperative 5-FU, Leucovorin, Oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) and Bevacizumab in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 57 (actual)
• Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI) · NIH
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

This phase II trial studies how well giving bevacizumab, radiation therapy, and combination chemotherapy works in treating patients who are undergoing surgery for locally advanced nonmetastatic rectal cancer. Monoclonal antibodies, such as bevacizumab, can block tumor growth in different ways. Some find tumor cells and kill them or carry tumor-killing substances to them. Others interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Bevacizumab may also stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking blood flow to the tumor. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Drugs, such as capecitabine, may make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as capecitabine, oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving bevacizumab together with radiation therapy and combination chemotherapy before surgery may make the tumor smaller and reduce the amount of normal tissue that needs to be removed. Giving bevacizumab together with combination chemotherapy after surgery may kill any tumor cells that remain after surgery.

Detailed description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To evaluate the pathological complete response rate in patients with T3 and T4 rectal cancers when treated preoperatively with capecitabine, oxaliplatin, bevacizumab, and concurrent radiotherapy (XRT). II. To evaluate the resection rate for T3 and T4 rectal cancers and the expected versus actual type of resection (abdominoperinal resection \[APR\] vs. low anterior resection \[LAR\] vs. LAR/coloanal anastomosis). III. To make preliminary observations of patient survival and patterns of recurrence for this treatment combination. IV. To gain additional experience regarding the toxicity and tolerability of this preoperative and postoperative regimen. OUTLINE: PREOPERATIVE CHEMORADIOTHERAPY: Patients undergo radiotherapy (total dose to the tumor bed was 5040 cGy) once daily (QD) 5 days a week and receive capecitabine 825 mg/m\^2 orally (PO) twice daily (BID) 5 days a week for 5.5 weeks. Patients also receive oxaliplatin 50 mg/m\^2 intravenously (IV) over 2 hours on days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 and bevacizumab 5 mg/kg IV over 30-90 minutes on days 1, 15, and 29 during radiotherapy. SURGERY: Approximately 6-8 weeks after completion of chemoradiotherapy, patients undergo surgical resection. Patients whose tumors are not completely resected or who have metastatic disease discontinue protocol therapy. POSTOPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY: Approximately 4-12 weeks after surgery, patients receive oxaliplatin IV over 2 hours, leucovorin calcium 400 mg/m\^2 IV over 2 hours, and bevacizumab 5 mg/kg IV over 30-90 minutes on day 1. Patients also receive fluorouracil 2400 mg/m\^2 IV continuously over 46 hours beginning on day 1. Treatment repeats every 2 weeks for 9 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then receive up to 3 additional courses of leucovorin calcium, fluorouracil, and bevacizumab. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up periodically for 10 years.

Conditions

• Rectal Adenocarcinoma
• Stage II Rectal Cancer AJCC v7
• Stage III Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BIOLOGICAL	Bevacizumab	Given IV
DRUG	Capecitabine	Given PO
DRUG	Fluorouracil	Given IV
DRUG	Leucovorin Calcium	Given IV
DRUG	Oxaliplatin	Given IV
RADIATION	Radiation Therapy	Undergo radiotherapy
PROCEDURE	Therapeutic Conventional Surgery	Undergo surgical resection

Timeline

• Start date: 2006-07-25
• Primary completion: 2013-08-12
• Completion: 2019-02-11
• First posted: 2006-05-04
• Last updated: 2019-03-27
• Results posted: 2015-05-12

Locations

107 sites across 1 country: United States