NCT07437365

Theta- and Alpha-Tuned Meditation for Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia

The Impact of Theta and Alpha Frequency-Tuned Meditation on Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 90 (actual)
• Sponsor: Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 65 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

This study done at the psychiatrics hospital of the cross Lebanon examined whether guided meditation combined with special sound stimulation (binaural beats) could help reduce negative symptoms of schizophrenia, such as low motivation and social withdrawal. Ninety inpatients participated in a six-week program and were assigned to meditation alone or meditation combined with either alpha- or theta-frequency sound stimulation. Results showed that patients who received meditation with binaural beats improved more than those who had meditation alone. The greatest improvement was seen in the theta-frequency group. Although not all differences were statistically significant, the findings suggest that this simple, low-cost, non-medication approach may help reduce persistent negative symptoms. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results.

Detailed description

Schizophrenia is a mental health condition that can cause a wide range of symptoms. While medications often help reduce positive symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions, many patients continue to experience "negative symptoms," like reduced motivation, limited emotional expression, and social withdrawal. These symptoms can have a major impact on daily life and are often harder to treat. Recent research suggests that mind-body interventions, such as meditation and specific sound-based techniques called binaural beats, can influence brain activity linked to attention, memory, and emotional regulation. Alpha and theta brainwave patterns are often disrupted in people with schizophrenia, which may contribute to negative symptoms. This study, conducted at the psychiatric hospital of the cross in Lebanon, explored whether pairing guided meditation with frequency-specific binaural beats could help reduce negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The study also compared two types of sound frequencies-alpha and theta-to see which might be more effective. Ninety stable inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to one of three groups: Guided meditation alone, Meditation plus alpha-frequency binaural beats, Meditation plus theta-frequency binaural beats. Participants attended sessions regularly over six weeks. Their symptoms were measured before and after the program using validated Arabic clinical scales. Patients who received meditation combined with binaural beats showed greater improvement in negative symptoms compared to those who received meditation alone. The most notable improvements were seen in the theta-frequency group, which also appeared more engaged during the sessions. However, individual responses varied, and not all differences between groups were statistically significant. Mind-body approaches like meditation and binaural beats may offer new ways to support patients with schizophrenia, helping improve motivation, emotional engagement, and overall quality of life-without relying solely on medication.

Conditions

• Schizophenia Disorder

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
DEVICE	Alpha binaural beats	Group A Intervention: Participants in this group listened to pre-recorded guided meditation sessions that included affirmations targeting negative symptoms, combined with calming background music and alpha-frequency binaural beats (10 Hz). To maintain engagement, four unique meditation scripts were prepared, with one script delivered per session day and repeated in sequence over the six-week intervention period. All sessions were delivered using high-fidelity wireless headphones to ensure consistent and clear auditory stimulation. This behavioral intervention aimed to improve motivation, emotional expression, and social engagement in patients with schizophrenia.
DEVICE	Theta binaural beats	Group B Intervention: Participants in this group listened to the same pre-recorded guided meditation sessions and calming background music as Group A, but the audio was combined with theta-frequency binaural beats (6 Hz). Four unique meditation scripts were delivered in sequence, one per session day, and repeated over the six-week intervention period to maintain engagement. Sessions were administered using high-fidelity wireless headphones to ensure clear and consistent delivery. This behavioral intervention aimed to enhance motivation, emotional expression, and social engagement in patients with schizophrenia, with theta-frequency stimulation intended to provide additional modulation of brain rhythms.

Timeline

• Start date: 2025-08-05
• Primary completion: 2025-10-16
• Completion: 2025-10-31
• First posted: 2026-02-27
• Last updated: 2026-02-27

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Lebanon