NCT07304908

Effect of Perception-based Interventions on Public Acceptance of Using Large Language Models in Medicine

Perception-based Interventions Affect Public Acceptance of Using Large Language Models in Medicine: Randomized Controlled Trial

• Status: Active Not Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 3,000 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Peking University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

Large language models (LLMs) show promise in medicine, but concerns about their accuracy, coherence, transparency, and ethics remain. To date, public perceptions on using LLMs in medicine and whether they play a role in the acceptability of health care applications of LLMs are not yet fully understood. This study aims to investigate public perceptions on using LLMs in medicine and if interventions for perceptions affect the acceptability of health care applications of LLMs.

Detailed description

Owing to rapid advances in artificial intelligence, large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in a variety of clinical settings such as triage, disease diagnosis, treatment planning, and self-monitoring. Despite their potential, the use of LLMs remains restricted within healthcare settings due to lack of accuracy, coherence, and transparency and ethical concerns. Public perceptions such as perceived usefulness and risks play a crucial role in shaping their attitudes towards artificial intelligence that can either facilitate or hinder its adoption. Yet, to our knowledge, there is lack of awareness about perception-driven interventions in health care and no previous studies have examined whether public perceptions play a role in the acceptability of medical applications of LLMs. Hence, this study aims to investigate public perceptions on using LLMs in medicine and if interventions for perceptions affect the acceptability of health care applications of LLMs.

Conditions

• Large Language Models
• Acceptability of Health Care
• Perception, Self

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	Perception-based interventions	Participants allocated to the intervention group received perception-based interventions. Interventions for Groups 1-3 were perceived benefits of LLMs in medicine, perceived racial bias in LLMs in medicine, and perceived ethical conflicts in LLMs in medicine, respectively.

Timeline

• Start date: 2025-11-25
• Primary completion: 2026-10-31
• Completion: 2026-12-31
• First posted: 2025-12-26
• Last updated: 2025-12-26

Locations

1 site across 1 country: China