NCT07232992

Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia in Open-Heart Surgery

The Effectiveness of the Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block on Postoperative Analgesia and Recovery in Open-heart Surgery: A Prospective, Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

• Status: Not Yet Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 70 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Bursa City Hospital · Other Government
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 85 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

Postoperative pain following open-heart surgery is a significant challenge that may negatively affect recovery and overall clinical outcomes. Due to the risks and contraindications associated with neuraxial techniques, the use of fascial plane blocks has increased in recent years. In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, the location and intensity of postoperative pain may vary daily. However, during the first 24 hours, pain is typically most pronounced at the median sternotomy incision site and at the insertion sites of chest, mediastinal, and pleural drains. Current postoperative analgesia practices in open-heart surgery commonly include multimodal regimens using simple analgesics such as paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, combined with a regional anesthesia technique such as the parasternal block. The Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block (SPSIPB) is an interfascial plane block that involves the injection of local anesthetic between the serratus posterior superior and intercostal muscles, providing wide dermatomal coverage from the upper cervical to lower thoracic regions. Although the technique has been used successfully in individual clinical cases, no randomized controlled studies have been conducted to evaluate its efficacy in open-heart surgery. This study aims to compare the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of the SPSIPB with a combination of parasternal block and local anesthetic infiltration at drain insertion sites in patients undergoing open-heart surgery.

Detailed description

Postoperative pain following open-heart surgery is a significant challenge that may negatively affect recovery and overall clinical outcomes. Due to the risks and contraindications associated with neuraxial techniques, the use of fascial plane blocks has increased in recent years. In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, the location and intensity of postoperative pain may vary daily. However, during the first 24 hours, pain is typically most pronounced at the median sternotomy incision site and at the insertion sites of chest, mediastinal, and pleural drains. Current postoperative analgesia practices in open-heart surgery commonly include multimodal regimens using simple analgesics such as paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, combined with a regional anesthesia technique such as the parasternal block. The Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block (SPSIPB) is an interfascial plane block that involves the injection of local anesthetic between the serratus posterior superior and intercostal muscles, providing wide dermatomal coverage from the upper cervical to lower thoracic regions. Although the technique has been used successfully in individual clinical cases, no randomized controlled studies have been conducted to evaluate its efficacy in open-heart surgery. This study aims to compare the postoperative analgesic effectiveness of the SPSIPB with a combination of parasternal block and local anesthetic infiltration at drain insertion sites in patients undergoing open-heart surgery.

Conditions

• Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block (SPSIPB)
• Open-heart Surgery

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	SPSIPB blcok	Under aseptic conditions, an ultrasound-guided procedure will be performed using a linear probe (GE ML6-15-D Matrix Linear). After identifying the second and third ribs, a 22-gauge, 50-mm short-bevel needle (Stimuplex Ultra®, Braun, Melsungen, Germany) will be advanced in-plane in a caudocranial direction. Following hydrodissection with 5 mL of saline to confirm correct needle placement, 20 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected bilaterally into the fascial plane.
OTHER	Parasternal blocks	Before intubation, the block will be performed under aseptic conditions using a high-frequency ultrasound probe (GE ML6-15-D Matrix Linear, Boston, USA) placed immediately lateral to the sternum after identifying the second to fourth intercostal spaces. An 50-mm echogenic block needle (Stimuplex Ultra®, Braun, Melsungen, Germany) will then be advanced using an in-plane approach from the skin toward the plane between the pectoralis major and intercostal muscles. A total of 10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected bilaterally.
OTHER	Local Infiltration	Local anesthetic infiltration (10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine) will be administered around the chest tube and mediastinal drain sites.

Timeline

• Start date: 2026-01-15
• Primary completion: 2026-04-15
• Completion: 2026-04-15
• First posted: 2025-11-18
• Last updated: 2025-11-19