NCT07180667

Warm-Up Effects on Adolescent Goalkeepers' Performance

Acute Effects of Different Warm-Up Protocols on Motor Performance in Adolescent Football Goalkeepers: A Randomised Crossover Study

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 15 (actual)
• Sponsor: Uşak University · Academic / Other
• Sex: Male
• Age: 14 Years – 15 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

The purpose of this study is to examine the acute effects of different warm-up protocols on performance outcomes in adolescent male football goalkeepers. Specifically, it investigates the impact of aerobic running, static stretching, dynamic stretching, and movement preparation on flexibility, explosive power, and dynamic balance.

Detailed description

This randomized crossover study examined the acute effects of four 15-minute warm-up protocols-Aerobic Running (AR), Static Stretching (SS), Dynamic Stretching (DS), and Movement Preparation (MP)-on flexibility, explosive lower-limb power, and dynamic balance in 15 adolescent male football goalkeepers. Participants were licensed youth goalkeepers with consistent sleep, diet, and training routines. Warm-up order was randomized and both participants and administrators were blinded to the condition. Flexibility, power, and balance were assessed using the sit-and-reach test, standing long jump, and Y Balance Test, respectively, with the best of three trials recorded. Heart rate was monitored to maintain internal load at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum. All sessions were supervised by a certified sports scientist, and anthropometric data were collected prior to testing. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained.

Conditions

• Healhty
• Adolescent
• Football
• Warm-up

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Intervention 1: Aerobic Running (AR) Warm-Up	15-minute aerobic running protocol. Heart rate maintained at 60-75% of age-predicted maximum (HRₘₐₓ). Includes 7 minutes light jogging followed by slight intensity increase.
BEHAVIORAL	Intervention 2: Static Stretching (SS) Warm-Up	5 minutes light jogging followed by static stretches of six lower-limb muscles (gastrocnemius, quadriceps, hamstrings, hip flexors, adductors, gluteals). Each muscle stretched twice for 30 seconds, finishing with 3-4 minutes of light dynamic movements.
BEHAVIORAL	Intervention 3: Dynamic Stretching (DS) Warm-Up	5 minutes light jogging followed by dynamic stretches targeting the same six muscle groups over 10-15 meters with brief rest between repetitions.
BEHAVIORAL	Intervention 4: Movement Preparation (MP) Warm-Up	Description: Combination of light jogging, multi-joint mobility drills (e.g., lateral shuffles, inchworms), submaximal sprinting (80-90% max velocity), and low-intensity balance drills adapted from FIFA 11+ and HarmoKnee.

Timeline

• Start date: 2024-03-01
• Primary completion: 2024-03-10
• Completion: 2024-04-01
• First posted: 2025-09-18
• Last updated: 2025-09-18

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Turkey (Türkiye)