NCT07133256

Effects of Aerobic Versus Resistance Training on Bone Metabolism in Stage 3-4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Effects of Aerobic Versus Resistance Training on Bone Metabolism in Stage 3-4 Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 60 (actual)
• Sponsor: Sinai University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 30 Years – 50 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

This randomized controlled trial investigates the comparative effects of aerobic versus resistance training on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism markers in patients with stage 3 or 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD). The primary aim is to evaluate the impact of two distinct exercise modalities on serum osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and the OPG/RANKL ratio, as well as densitometric changes at key skeletal sites.

Detailed description

Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a common complication in non-dialysis CKD patients, driven by disrupted calcium-phosphate metabolism, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and altered bone remodeling pathways, such as the OPG-RANKL axis. Exercise is an emerging non-pharmacological strategy to mitigate skeletal deterioration in CKD, yet the differential effects of aerobic and resistance training on bone health remain poorly understood in this population. This study recruited 60 CKD patients (stage 3-4, aged 30-50 years) and randomly allocated them into two groups (n=30 each): a resistance training group and an aerobic exercise group. Both groups underwent supervised exercise 3 times per week for six months. Bone mineral density was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at the lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, and distal radius. Serum concentrations of OPG and RANKL were measured via ELISA at baseline and post-intervention.

Conditions

• Osteopenia
• Bone Metabolism Disorders
• Chronic Kidney Disease (Stage 3-4)
• Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD)

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Resistance Exercise	Structured machine-based resistance exercise protocol performed under supervision, targeting osteogenic loading to improve bone mineral density and alter bone metabolism markers in CKD stage 3-4 patients.
BEHAVIORAL	Aerobic Training	Participants in this arm performed supervised aerobic exercise (treadmill walking) three times per week for six months. Each session included: 5-minute warm-up 30-minute treadmill walking at 60%-80% of age-predicted maximum heart rate (HRmax = 220 - age) 10-minute cool-down Exercise sessions were supervised by trained exercise professionals and tailored to maintain target heart rate zones.

Timeline

• Start date: 2025-01-01
• Primary completion: 2025-07-01
• Completion: 2025-07-25
• First posted: 2025-08-21
• Last updated: 2025-08-21

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Egypt