NCT07075744

Intraoperative Heart Rate Thresholds and Postoperative Mortality

Association Between Intraoperative Heart Rate and Postoperative 30-day Mortality in Non-cardiac Surgery

• Status: Completed
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 139,149 (actual)
• Sponsor: Asan Medical Center · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: —

Summary

This retrospective observational study investigates the association between intraoperative heart rate and 30-day postoperative mortality among patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. The findings suggest that heart rate abnormalities during surgery may significantly affect short-term postoperative outcomes.

Detailed description

This is a retrospective cohort study conducted to evaluate the clinical impact of intraoperative heart rate on postoperative 30-day mortality in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Patient data were extracted from a large institutional electronic medical record database, including demographic variables, comorbidities, anesthesia records, and perioperative outcomes. Heart rate was continuously recorded at 1-minute or 5-minute intervals during the surgery. Various heart rate parameters-such as minimum, maximum, average, and time-weighted average-were analyzed, and threshold-based metrics (e.g., minutes spent below or above defined thresholds) were computed using a piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomial (PCHIP) method to smooth minute-by-minute fluctuations. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality within 30 days after surgery. Multivariable logistic regression and sensitivity analyses were performed to adjust for potential confounders. The study aimed to provide clinical insight into the prognostic value of intraoperative heart rate dynamics and to identify modifiable intraoperative risk factors for mortality.

Conditions

• HEART RATE

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	Intraoperative Heart Rate Monitoring	This is a non-interventional observational analysis of intraoperative heart rate metrics, including minimum, maximum, average, and time-weighted average heart rate recorded during non-cardiac surgery. The study also includes duration-based metrics such as time spent below or above specific heart rate thresholds. These variables were retrospectively analyzed for their association with 30-day postoperative mortality. No clinical intervention or treatment was administered as part of this study.

Timeline

• Start date: 2023-08-30
• Primary completion: 2024-12-31
• Completion: 2025-01-20
• First posted: 2025-07-20
• Last updated: 2025-07-20

Locations

1 site across 1 country: South Korea