NCT07035470

Biological Age Predicts 90-Day Mortality in Advanced Cancer

Biological Age as a Prognostic Marker in Hospitalized Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis Based on PhenoAge Model

• Status: Completed
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 1,615 (actual)
• Sponsor: Ankara Etlik City Hospital · Other Government
• Sex: All
• Age: —
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

This retrospective study evaluates whether biological age, calculated using the PhenoAge model, predicts short-term outcomes in patients with advanced cancer who were hospitalized. The main goal is to investigate associations between biological age and short-term mortality, functional status (ECOG), comorbidity burden (mCCI), and length of hospital stay. All data were collected from medical records without any patient intervention.

Detailed description

This is a retrospective observational study including hospitalized adult patients with stage III or IV solid tumors admitted to Etlik City Hospital between November 5, 2022 and December 31, 2024. Patients were included if they stayed for ≥48 hours and had all required laboratory values for calculating biological age using the Levine PhenoAge model. The study aimed to evaluate the association between biological age and (1) 30- and 90-day mortality, (2) ECOG performance score, (3) modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (mCCI), and (4) hospital length of stay. Regression and survival analyses were used to identify prognostic factors. All data were anonymized and collected retrospectively from hospital records.

Conditions

• Advanced Solid Tumors Cancer
• Hospitalizations

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	PhenoAge-Based Biological Age Assessment	Biological age was retrospectively calculated using the PhenoAge algorithm, based on nine routine laboratory parameters and chronological age. This model estimates phenotypic aging and was used to predict short-term outcomes including mortality, functional status, comorbidity burden, and hospital length of stay. No new intervention was administered; all data were collected from existing medical records.

Timeline

• Start date: 2022-11-05
• Primary completion: 2024-12-31
• Completion: 2024-12-31
• First posted: 2025-06-25
• Last updated: 2025-06-29

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Turkey (Türkiye)