NCT07009444

The Role of Mental Imagery on Approach Motivation and Behavioral Engagement in Social Anxiety

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 136 (actual)
• Sponsor: Philipps University Marburg · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

Efficacy of an online intervention aimed at enhancing both approach motivation and behavioral engagement in facing anxiety-provoking social situations among individuals with heightened social anxiety is investigated. Upon receiving psychoeducation, participants will either undergo a prospective mental-imagery task or no additional task. The intervention's efficacy will be assessed by ratings of experienced and expected pleasure, approach motivation as well as self-reported engagement with feared situation one week later.

Detailed description

Although exposure therapy is widely considered the gold standard for treating anxiety disorders, its effectiveness is often hindered by treatment discontinuation. Many individuals avoid facing feared situations, yet exposure is crucial for successful extinction learning. Therefore, there is a need for strategies to enhance both approach motivation and behavioral engagement in anxiety-provoking situations. Within the depression literature, imagery-based interventions have already gained some support in increasing motivation and behavioral engagement in pleasurable activities through enhancement of reward anticipation as well as anticipatory and anticipated pleasure ('motivational amplifier' hypothesis). Considering that social anxiety is characterized by disruptions in motivational and reward processes, prospective mental imagery may strengthen approach motivation and behavioral engagement in exposure to socially feared situations. Thus, the present online study will investigate the effect of a prospective mental-imagery task on approach motivation and behavioral engagement in socially anxious individuals. Following psychoeducation, participants in the experimental group will vividly imagine having successfully mastered the fear-provoking situation. The control group will receive only psychoeducation. Approach motivation as well as reward anticipation, anticipated and anticipatory pleasure will be assessed before and after the psychoeducation and imagery task. Engagement with the feared social situation will be assessed one week later. The aim of this randomized controlled trial in healthy individuals with heightened social anxiety is to investigate whether prospective mental imagery is effective in enhancing self-reported motivation and engagement with feared situation compared to a psychoeducation-only control group. In an exploratory analysis, we will investigate whether individuals' levels of reward sensitivity and anhedonia influence the effectiveness of prospective imagery training.

Conditions

• Social Anxiety
• Social Phobia

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Psychoeducation	Providing information about social anxiety, role of safety and avoidance behaviors in maintaining social anxiety, rationale for exposure to feared social situations
BEHAVIORAL	Prospective Mental Imagery	A standard imagination script is recounted in which participants have successfully mastered the socially feared situation

Timeline

• Start date: 2023-07-18
• Primary completion: 2023-11-25
• Completion: 2023-11-25
• First posted: 2025-06-06
• Last updated: 2026-01-09

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Germany