NCT06852417

Qigong and Executive Attention in Older Adults with Depressive Symptoms

Health Qigong Alleviates Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults Through Enhanced Executive Attention: a Randomized Controlled Trial

• Status: Not Yet Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 200 (estimated)
• Sponsor: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 60 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to test whether executive attention unpacks the antidepressant effect of Baduanjin (a form of health qigong) in older adults. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is Baduanjin an effective treatment to enhance executive attention in older adults with depressive symptoms? * Does Baduanjin work through enhanced executive attention to alleviate depressive symptoms in older adults? Researchers will compare Baduanjin with waitlist control. Participants will receive 12-week Baduanjin training (two sessions per week and 60 min per session).

Detailed description

Baduanjin is a type of health qigong that has been shown to effectively reduce depressive symptoms in older adults. However, the cognitive mechanism that explains such antidepressant effect remains unclear. Executive attention represents the cognitive processing that deals with interference and conflict, and it is likely to be a mechanism to unpack Baduanjin's treatment effect on depressive symptoms. There is also a lack of understanding of Badunajin's effects on brain activation in depressed older adults. To address these knowledge gaps, we propose a fully powered randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 198 older adults with at least mild depressive symptoms. They will be randomly assigned to either the active intervention group (12-week Baduanjin training) or the waitlist control group. The primary outcome is executive attention. Secondary outcomes include depressive symptoms, amplitudes of N2 and P3 components (i.e., components of event-related potentials in brain) during attention tasks, and alerting and orienting networks of attention. These outcomes will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks after baseline). Repeated measures ANOVA will be used to test for treatment effects on the primary outcome. Executive attention's mediation effect on the linkage between group (intervention vs waitlist control) and depressive symptoms will be tested with SPSS Macro PROCESS. The Baduanjin-related enhancement in N2 amplitude, P3 amplitude, alerting, and orienting will be explored with repeated measures ANOVA, respectively. Correlation analyses will be used to evaluate the association (i) between changes in N2 and P3 amplitudes and changes in executive attention and (ii) between changes in N2 and P3 amplitudes and changes in depressive symptoms.

Conditions

• Intervention
• Waitlist Control

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Health qigong training	Participants will receive two 60-minute Baduanjin qigong training sessions every week under the instruction and supervision of qualified qigong instructors over 12 weeks (i.e., 24 sessions in total). Baduanjin qigong consists of eight forms of gentle movements, and it takes about 10 to 15 minutes to complete a full cycle. Participants will learn to practice each form gradually over the first 12 sessions. In the remaining 12 sessions, the participants will go through all the movements 2-3 times, with guided practice on rhythmic breathing and mind regulation (attention to body and breathing) to be performed in coordination with the movements. Instructions on each movement, voice-guide audios, and demonstration videos will be provided for participants' daily self-practice. They will be advised to practice Baduanjin for at least 10 minutes every day.

Timeline

• Start date: 2026-01-01
• Primary completion: 2028-10-31
• Completion: 2028-12-31
• First posted: 2025-02-28
• Last updated: 2025-03-03