NCT06843785

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Two Different Squat Exercises in Healthy Individuals

Effects of Two Different Squat Exercise Patterns on Muscle Strength, Performance, Low Back Pain and Balance in Young Adult Healthy Individuals

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 57 (actual)
• Sponsor: Uskudar University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 30 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

The aim of our study is to compare the effects of two different squatting patterns, with and without the knees passing the toes, on low back pain, muscle strength and balance.

Detailed description

A total of 60 volunteer participants between the ages of 18-30, who are in the active category of the International Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire Short Form, are planned to be included in the study. Individuals participating in the study will be divided into 3 groups using a computer randomization system and a closed envelope method. Group I (n=20); squatting with the knees passing the toes (PI), Group II (n=20); squatting with the knees not passing the toes (PG) and Group III (n=20); control group (CG). Squatting with the knees passing the toes (PI); squatting with the knees not passing the toes (PG) will be applied to the study groups as a home program for 4 weeks and will be checked with an exercise diary. Participants will be re-evaluated at the end of the exercise program. No training program will be applied to the control group and they will be asked to continue their daily lives and participants will be evaluated at 4-week intervals. The training program of 1 set; 20 repetitions; 30 seconds active contraction/30 seconds rest is applied to the PI and PG groups 3 days a week, every other day for 6 weeks. The training program of the groups is monitored by a physiotherapist for 6 weeks via telerehabilitation technologies. All participants will be evaluated for back pain, knee pain, muscle thickness, muscle strength, function and balance before and at the end of the program and the data obtained will be recorded.

Conditions

• Balance; Distorted
• Low Back Pain

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	Squat with knees over toes	Participants are instructed to stand comfortably with feet pelvis-width apart and approximately 15-30° to the side with arms extended in front of them. Participants are asked to squat to their most comfortable point, looking straight ahead, without heels leaving the floor, and to hold the position for 2 seconds before returning to the original standing position. The distance between the hips and the floor is measured vertically using a ruler for squat depth. Three trials are performed and the average of the three trials is used for further analysis.
OTHER	Squat where the knee does not pass the toes	In the limited squat exercise, the position of the most anterior part of the knee is not allowed to extend beyond the toes. In the limited squat exercise, a wooden board is placed just distal to the first toe of each foot, and the 60 cm wide wooden board restricts knee movement. Participants are instructed to stand comfortably with their feet pelvis-width apart and approximately 15-30° to the side, and their arms extended in front of them. Participants are asked to squat to 90° of knee flexion, looking straight ahead, without the heels leaving the floor, and to hold the position for 2 seconds, then return to the original standing position. Squat depth is determined by measuring 90° of knee flexion using a goniometer placed on the knee and measured vertically between the hip and the floor using a ruler. Three trials are performed, and the average of the three trials is used for further analysis.
OTHER	control	Participants will not be subjected to any intervention and will not be asked to perform any action.

Timeline

• Start date: 2025-03-01
• Primary completion: 2025-05-01
• Completion: 2025-05-15
• First posted: 2025-02-25
• Last updated: 2025-06-15

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Turkey (Türkiye)