NCT06843668

Different Dosing Strategies of Colistin in Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections

Efficacy and Safety of Different Dosing Strategies of Colistin in Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections in Critically Ill Patients

• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2 / Phase 3
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 120 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Mansoura University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

Nosocomial infections caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative pathogens represent a major threat worldwide. The increasing trend of multi-drug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) poses a particularly acute challenge to health systems especially in critically ill patients. Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) have encountered an increasing emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. In Saudi Arabia mainly MDR-GNB such as Acinetobacter Baumannii, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Klebsiella Pnemoniae and Enterobacter are observed in ICUs. Polymyxins are the last line therapy in the treatment of infection caused by these MDR-GNB. Colistin is the most widely used polymyxin antibiotic, it is administered as inactive prodrug colistimethate sodium (CMS) that is hydrolyzed to an active moiety of colistin base activity (CBA). It acts as cationic detergent and damages bacterial cytoplasmic membrane causing leaking of intracellular substances and then cell death. During the first years of their use, polymyxin-associated neurotoxicity occurred in patients with an incidence as high as 27% following parenteral administration. However, other retrospective clinical trials have not exposed neurotoxicity to be a major concern. On the other hand, nephrotoxicity is by far the most common and dose-limiting side effect associated with parenteral polymyxins, with incidence rates in patients as high as 60%. Despite the high incidence of colistin induced nephrotoxicity, in 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) reclassified polymyxins as critically important for the management of MDR-GNB infection, renewing the interest in these antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge no study compared the efficacy and safety of both dosing strategies in critically ill patients. Moreover, there is still a lack of evidence on the efficacy and safety of both dosing strategies in obese patients. Therefore, this study aims at comparing the efficacy and toxicity of both strategies in colistin dosing (the fixed dose and the weight-based dosing) in obese patients and non- obese patients.

Conditions

• Critical Ill Patients
• Multi Drug Resistant

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
DRUG	EMA colistin dosing strategy	The EMA colistin group will receive I.V colistin based on creatinine clearance (mL/min) level , with fixed loading dose 9 MIU equivalent to 300 mg of colistin-based activity (CBA). The maintenance dose will be administered after 12 h following the loading dose over 1 h every 12h (twice daily).
DRUG	US FDA colistin dosing strategy	The weight-based colistin group will receive I.V. colistin based on the lower (ideal body weight or actual body weight) with a loading dose of (4) X (patient weight in kg). Loading dose might exceed 300 mg.

Timeline

• Start date: 2023-12-25
• Primary completion: 2025-09-25
• Completion: 2025-10-25
• First posted: 2025-02-25
• Last updated: 2025-07-04

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Saudi Arabia