NCT05992376

Vegetables for All Evaluation Kenya

Impact Evaluation of the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) Vegetables for All Program in Kenya

• Status: Active Not Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 4,680 (estimated)
• Sponsor: RTI International · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN)'s "Vegetables for All" program in Kenya seeks to improve consumption of healthy foods by improving supply, increasing demand, and improving the enabling environment for different vegetables by operating at multiple levels - individuals, households, markets, producers, and policies. RTI and local partners propose to conduct impact and process evaluations of GAIN's program tailored to the theory of change. The evaluation will include a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods and will be guided by the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) evaluation framework.

Detailed description

Background: In urban and peri-urban areas in Kenya, Consumption of vegetables is low in bottom of pyramid (BoP) households, which earn \< 3.20 US dollars per person per day. To increase vegetable consumption in this population, GAIN will implement the Vegetables for All program, which aims to improve access to safe and fresh vegetables in Fit Food Zones (FFZs) and to generate demand for vegetables through a radio/television campaign and FFZ branding. The main retailers in the FFZ are mama mbogas (vegetable vendors), who will be linked to suppliers that are Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) compliant. Objective: The overall objectives of the evaluation are: 1) to assess the effectiveness of GAIN's Vegetables for All program for increasing the quantity of vegetables consumed and improving the diet quality of BoP consumers and 2) to conduct a process evaluation of GAIN's program that provides data to support findings of the impact evaluation. Methods: This study will use a mixed-methods quasi-experimental design in which 124 FFZs are assigned to intervention or control in Nairobi, Kiambu, Machakos, Mombasa, and Nakuru counties. The impacts will be assessed through cross-sectional population-based surveys of households with women 18-49 years who have a child 3-11 years in 62 intervention and 62 control FFZs at baseline and endline (N=1,364 at each time point). Mama mboga surveys will be conducted in all 124 sampled FFZs at baseline, midline, and endline (N=372 at each time point). Qualitative data will be collected at midline and endline. In-depth interviews (IDIs) will be conducted with vegetable value chain actors and other stakeholders (N=18 at each time point). Focus group discussions (FGDs) will be conducted with mama mbogas (20 FGDs at each time point) and household members (20 FGDs at each time point). The analysis will be performed using difference-in-difference estimation (surveys) and thematic content analysis methods (qualitative).

Conditions

• Vegetable Consumption

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Food system and demand generation	The Vegetables for All program will create FitFood Zones (FFZs) in low-income estates in urban and peri-urban areas with a minimum of 1,000 households and 10 mama mbogas. FFZs are the last mile/point of purchase for delivering a variety of fresh, safe, and accessible vegetables to BoP households. The program will support mama mbogas to source vegetables from Good Agricultural Practices (GAP)-compliant suppliers, support the uptake of digital solutions for mama mbogas to access vegetables, create business-to-business mentorship opportunities, and support county governments to improve market infrastructure. To encourage BoP parents of children 3-11 years to buy and consume more vegetables, the program will include a demand generation component. This will be implemented through a communication campaign, including above-the-line (ATL) activities (mass media such as radio and television), below-the-line (BTL) activities (market activations and others), and FFZ branding.

Timeline

• Start date: 2023-11-20
• Primary completion: 2024-02-01
• Completion: 2025-10-31
• First posted: 2023-08-15
• Last updated: 2025-06-04

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Kenya