NCT05825690

BRIEF TITLE * (in English and Sufficiently Descriptive) Role of MRI in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis

Investigating the Prognostic Role of Brain MRI in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis

• Status: Completed
• Phase: —
• Study type: Observational
• Enrollment: 50 (actual)
• Sponsor: Hospices Civils de Lyon · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: —

Summary

The term "autoimmune encephalitis" denotes an heterogenous group of diseases commonly associated with autoantibodies targeting neural or glial antigens. Patients harboring antibodies against the leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) usually respond well to immunotherapy, but a significant percentage develop cognitive sequelae and disability nonetheless. These patients would likely benefit for more aggressive and prolonged immunotherapy, aiming to prevent permanent neurological deficits. Identifying features predicting poor outcome would be crucial to guide treatment decisions. Brain magnetic resonance imaging is a key diagnostic tool in the acute phase, but radiological changes may also appear in follow-up studies, including global brain atrophy, hippocampal atrophy and mesial temporal sclerosis. We hypothesize that specific changes identifiable in the acute and chronic phase underlie a higher risk of poor outcome and persistent neurological deficits.

Conditions

• Autoimmune Encephalitis

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	Retrospective evaluation of specific brain MRI features	Initial brain MRI and subsequent follow-up studies will be reviewed to document the presence of specific MRI features, and their association with greater disease severity in the acute phase and/or neurological sequelae after encephalitis resolution will be investigated. More specifically, we will analyze the presence of: * Brain MRI changes in the acute stage, i.e. \< 3 months from symptoms onset, including abnormal signal intensity, altered diffusion and/or contrast enhancement in the hippocampus (unilateral/bilateral), abnormal signal intensity in basal ganglia, insula, and/or perisylvian cortex, presence of global brain atrophy, presence of hippocampal atrophy and/or MTS, hippocampal volumetry * Brain MRI changes after acute phase resolution (\> 6 months after symptoms onset) including abnormal signal intensity in the hippocampus (unilateral/bilateral), presence of global brain atrophy, presence of hippocampal atrophy and/or MTS, hippocampal volumetry

Timeline

• Start date: 2022-06-20
• Primary completion: 2022-09-20
• Completion: 2022-12-20
• First posted: 2023-04-24
• Last updated: 2023-04-24

Locations

1 site across 1 country: France