NCT05360394

A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial of Stent Graft and Drug Coated Balloon Treatment for Recurrent Cephalic Arch Stenosis in Dysfunctional Arteriovenous-venous Fistula

• Status: Unknown
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 80 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Singapore General Hospital · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 21 Years – 90 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) is a surgically created circuit used for hemodialysis in patient with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). A functioning dialysis vascular access is critical to the delivery of life-saving hemodialysis (HD) treatment for these patients. Unfortunately, neointimal hyperplasia frequently occurs within the dialysis vascular access, resulting in stenosis, poor flow and thrombosis with loss of function. The cephalic vein forms the outflow conduit for radiocephalic (RC) and brachiocephalic (BC) AVF. At the perpendicular portion of the cephalic vein, the cephalic arch is often prone to developing hemodynamically significant stenosis. The prevalence of cephalic arch stenosis is reported to be 39% in brachiocepahlic and 2% in radiocephalic AVF. The current gold standard therapy for treatment of AVF stenosis is plain balloon angioplasty (BA). Paclitaxel coated balloon (PCB) angioplasty has also been shown recently to be superior to plain BA in the treatment of stenosis in dialysis vascular access. By releasing paclitaxel, which is an anti-proliferation drug, locally into the vessel wall during balloon contact, it will blunt the acceleration of intimal hyperplasia response, resulting in improved primary patency after angioplasty. The use of stent grafts for recurrent CAS has been demonstrated to increase patency of AVF compared to BA and bare stents. However, stent grafts are prone to edge restenosis that tend to occur within 5mm of each end of SG due to neointimal hyperplasia from the end of the stent migrating towards the center. We postulate that stent graft with PCB angioplasty of the stent edge is more effective than PCB alone in maintaining the patency of AVF with cephalic arch stenosis. Therefore, we aim to perform a randomized controlled trial to compare the 6-month unassisted patency rate of treatment of recurrent CAS with stent graft and PCB angioplasty of both stent edge versus PCB alone.

Conditions

• Neointimal Hyperplasia
• Dialysis Access Malfunction

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
DEVICE	Paclitaxel Coated Balloon	CAS treated with PCB only
DEVICE	Paclitaxel Coated Balloon and Stent Graft	CAS treated with PCB first before deployment of stent graft

Timeline

• Start date: 2022-04-20
• Primary completion: 2023-10-01
• Completion: 2024-04-01
• First posted: 2022-05-04
• Last updated: 2022-05-04

Locations

2 sites across 2 countries: Australia, Singapore