NCT05014984

WOOP VA: Promoting Weight Management in Primary Care

WOOP VA: Mental Contrasting With Implementation Intentions to Promote Weight Management in Primary Care

• Status: Active Not Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 405 (actual)
• Sponsor: VA Office of Research and Development · Federal
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 70 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

Approximately 40% of Veterans have obesity and are at increased risk for cardiometabolic disease. Intensive lifestyle-based weight management programs can lead to clinically significant ( 5%) weight loss. The VA's MOVE! program is effective for promoting weight loss and behavior change for those who attend. Unfortunately, MOVE! has low enrollment and high attrition due to several obstacles including low motivation. Mental Contrasting with Implementation Intentions (MCII) is an innovative strategy developed over 20 years of research that uses imagery to increase motivation for behavior change. MCII can be implemented in primary care settings using an easy to teach technique called "WOOP" (Wish, Outcome, Obstacle, Plan) that Veterans then use regularly on their own with the help of paper-based tools or the WOOP app. The research team will evaluate the efficacy and implementation of MCII when combined with telephone-delivered MOVE! vs. telephone-delivered MOVE! alone to enhance weight management outcomes for Veterans in primary care.

Detailed description

Background: Approximately 40% of Veterans have obesity. Intensive weight management programs such as MOVE! promote clinically significant weight loss, but only 3-7% of eligible Veterans attend. Low enrollment and high attrition are due to obstacles such as travel, cost, and motivation. Developed through over 20 years of research, Mental Contrasting with Implementation Intentions (MCII) is a novel, evidence-based intervention to increase motivation and behavior change. MCII has been shown to increase physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables and promote weight loss, and the research team recently demonstrated that MCII is feasible and acceptable to Veterans for weight management. However, has not been tested adequately within primary care nor demonstrated weight loss in Veterans. The investigators propose to evaluate the efficacy and implementation of MCII for behavior change and weight loss in Veterans within primary care when combined with the VA MOVE! Program. Significance/Impact: This proposal aligns with the VA HSRD "primary care practice and management of complex chronic diseases" funding priority. Primary care providers and PACT members do not provide sufficient counseling to increase engagement with the MOVE! Program. MCII can be taught by lay educators and can be delivered in conjunction with MOVE! and other weight management treatments. Innovation: MCII is innovative in its use of imagery, ease of delivery by lay educators, novel mechanisms of action (via non-conscious motivational and cognitive processes), and ability to be combined with other programs. Veterans can practice MCII on their own in under 10 minutes. MCII uses a standardized, 4-step imagery procedure called WOOP that can be taught in 30 minutes. Veterans can then continue to use WOOP regularly, with the assistance of a WOOP App and website containing video-, audio-, and paper-based tools. This study will be the first randomized controlled trial of MCII within primary care and the first RCT to test the efficacy and implementation of MCII for weight management when combined with MOVE! in Veterans. Specific Aims: 1. Compare the impact of MCII + MOVE!/TeleMOVE! vs. MOVE!/TeleMOVE! alone on percent weight change and waist circumference at 6 and 12 months. 2. Compare the impact of MCII + MOVE!/TeleMOVE! vs. MOVE!/TeleMOVE! alone on MOVE!/TeleMOVE! program attendance, healthy eating, and physical activity at 6 and 12 months. 3. Evaluate implementation of MCII. The investigators will use the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to evaluate implementation barriers, facilitators, and outcomes of MCII. Methodology: The investigators will enroll 405 Veterans and randomize 366 Veterans at the patient level within primary care to either MCII + telephone-delivered MOVE!/TeleMOVE! (intervention) vs. telephone-delivered MOVE!/TeleMOVE! alone (control) at the Manhattan VA. At 6 and 12 months, participants will return to the clinic for a study visit where weight, diet, and physical activity will be assessed in both groups. The investigators will use intention-to-treat analyses. Implementation/Next Steps: MCII is designed to be easily implemented in a variety of settings and for a variety of behaviors. Freely available online training materials will facilitate implementation. To guide future implementation and policy change, the research team will present data from Aim 3 implementation analyses and obtain input from Veteran stakeholders as well as local VA and NCP leaders. If found to be efficacious, the investigators will conduct hybrid effectiveness/implementation studies of MCII in a multi-site study.

Conditions

• Obesity

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	mental contrasting with implementation intentions	To deliver MCII, Dr. Oettingen developed a step-wise procedure called WOOP (Wish, Outcome, Obstacle, Plan; Figure 1). In a quiet setting, patients identify an important wish (e.g., losing weight) and then name and vividly imagine the best outcome (e.g., feeling healthier). Next, they name a current internal obstacle (e.g., urge to eat when feeling stressed) and try to vividly imagine their experience when they encounter this obstacle. Finally, they address their obstacle with an if-then plan specifying when, where, and how to overcome it (e.g., "If I have the urge to eat when feeling stressed, I will go for a walk)" and then imagine themselves experiencing the obstacle and carrying out the action of surmounting it. To facilitate use of the WOOP technique, Dr. Oettingen developed a free, publicly available WOOP app
BEHAVIORAL	telephone-delivered, telehealth-delivered, and or in-person MOVE! or TeleMOVE!	MOVE! is a national VA weight management and health promotion program to improve the quality of life of Veterans.6,75 This effective program encourages healthy eating behavior and increased physical activity. MOVE! will be delivered via telephone (16 sessions) by existing staff consistent with national MOVE! program guidelines. The program has 16 modules and will offered weekly, but Veterans will be able to make up sessions at their own pace if they miss one. MOVE! staff use the MOVE! facilitator guide that provides instruction on delivering the program via telephone. Update as of 11-2023, the New York Harbor VA paused their offering of telephone-delivered MOVE!. Participants in both arms are offered the in-person or video-delivered MOVE! program. For participants who do not want or are unable to attend group-based MOVE!, they are offered TeleMOVE!.
BEHAVIORAL	Information About Diet, Physical Activity, and Weight Management (Baseline Visit - 10 minutes): All	All participants will receive handouts that they review with a lay educator on weight management, adapted from the educational materials developed for our FIReWoRk Study. Topics include losing weight at a healthy rate, setting a 6-month weight loss goal of 5-10%, limiting sugar-sweetened beverages and portion sizes, making better choices when eating at restaurants, self-monitoring diet and weight, and participating in at least moderate-intensity physical activities.
BEHAVIORAL	Telephone MCII Check-ins (30 minutes at 3 days, 4 weeks, and 2 months after baseline visit)	The lay educator will review and practice the WOOP technique based on protocols from prior studies. To probe Veterans' comprehension, the lay educator will ask for their four steps and ask about their WOOP use and experiences. If needed, the lay educator will help the Veteran to create a new WOOP for the next month and address any questions and concerns about using WOOP.

Timeline

• Start date: 2022-02-15
• Primary completion: 2025-06-30
• Completion: 2026-02-27
• First posted: 2021-08-20
• Last updated: 2025-12-12

Locations

1 site across 1 country: United States