NCT04981847

The Dietary Guidelines 3 Diets Study

Ensuring the Cultural Relevance of Dietary Guidelines Diet Patterns Among African Americans: Increasing Dietary Quality and Reducing Type 2 Diabetes Risk

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 63 (actual)
• Sponsor: University of South Carolina · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 65 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

The goal of this project is to use a two-stepped study to examine both the adoption of the three dietary patterns as presented by the United States Dietary Guidelines (USDG) and testing of a refined, culturally tailored one-year intervention examining the three diet patterns. For this study, African American adult participants with overweight/obesity and ≥three type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk factors will be recruited to participate in this two-step study. This present study is for our Step 1: formative pilot work to culturally-tailor a dietary intervention of the three healthy eating patterns presented by the USDG for 12 weeks: 1) U.S.-Style, 2) Mediterranean, or 3) Vegetarian.

Detailed description

The U.S. Dietary Guidelines (USDG) form the basis of federal nutrition programs and policy and provide valuable guidance to health initiatives and industries. The updated 2015 USDG moved away from a focus on individual nutrients to a greater focus on dietary patterns. The USDG state that healthy eating goals can be met through a variety of dietary patterns, but present healthy diet in three main ways: 1) Healthy U.S.-Style Eating Pattern, 2) Healthy Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern, and 3) Healthy Vegetarian Eating Pattern. Currently, US adults are falling short of the nutrition recommendations (fruit/vegetable intake, greens/beans, whole grains, etc.) set forth by the USDG and measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). While the USDG are the basis of nutrition guidelines, the research informing these dietary pattern recommendations has largely been drawn from observational studies among mostly white populations. In addition, there has been very limited cultural tailoring of these dietary patterns that would ensure that these diets are acceptable to diverse populations, in particular, African Americans (AAs) living in the south, who experience a disproportionate burden of chronic disease, especially type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Currently, US adults are not meeting nutrition recommendations (fruit/vegetable, whole grains, etc.) set forth by the USDG and measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). For the present study, AA adult participants with overweight/obesity and ≥three T2DM risk factors will be recruited to participate in the following aims: Aim 1: Conduct a 3-month randomized trial among AAs comparing adoption of the 3 dietary patterns \[1) US, 2) Med, or 3) Veg\] using existing materials from the USDG and examine differences in diet quality (HEI) and T2DM risk factors (weight, HgbA1c). Aim 2: Drawing on participants' experiences in Aim 1, conduct qualitative work to refine and culturally tailor the dietary pattern intervention for an AA audience.

Conditions

• Type 2 Diabetes

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	Dietary Intervention Meetings	Participants will attend classes once per week for 3 months.

Timeline

• Start date: 2021-08-01
• Primary completion: 2025-06-23
• Completion: 2025-06-23
• First posted: 2021-07-29
• Last updated: 2026-01-15

Locations

1 site across 1 country: United States