NCT04911673

Effectiveness of Dark Chocolate and Music in Dysmenorrhea

The Effect of Dark Chocolate and Music on Primary Dysmenorrhea

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 84 (actual)
• Sponsor: Celal Bayar University · Academic / Other
• Sex: Female
• Age: 18 Years – 25 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Accepted

Summary

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a pain that occurs in the menstrual period without pathological pelvic disorder. Excessive prostaglandin release causes uterine contraction and leads to uterine hypoxia and ischemia, which results in extreme abdominal cramps and pain. Music therapy is one of the complementary treatment methods in the management of pain for PD which is an intervention that is not expensive and has no side effects. Another complementary treatment method is for PD is chocolate. In the literature; there have a few studies about the effect of the music and dark chocolate on the primary dysmenorrhea but no studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of the music and dark chocolate on PD. The following is the protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial, where an experimental group 1 listened to a 30-minute song, an experimental group 2 ate dark chocolate and a control group had no intervention for the same time and conditions. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of dark chocolate and music on PD. This pain measured through a 10 cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in nursing students from the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. Additionally, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess the trait and state anxiety.

Detailed description

Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD) is defined as cramping pain in the lower abdomen, which occurs before or during menstruation without pelvic diseases. Contraceptive pills and non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs are commonly used in the treatment of PD. International (66.5% to 92.5%) and Turkey (87.7% to 80.1%) in the studies among university students show that a high percentage of dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea negatively affects the school absenteeism of girls, their academic success and causes a lack of concentration. The rate of using pain medication due to dysmenorrhea is high among students. Music therapy has been shown to be effective in relaxing the mind and body, relieving anxiety, enhancing security, and increasing pain thresholds. Dark chocolate contains copper, which is used by the body to synthesize neurotransmitters called collagen and endorphins. Endorphin hormone is an analgesic and natural sedative to reduce pain intensity such as menstrual pain. This randomized clinical trial was designed to determine the effect of eating dark chocolate and listening music on PD, compared to a control group that no intervention in women of 18 years or older from the the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.

Conditions

• Pain
• Primary Dysmenorrhea
• Menstrual Pain

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
BEHAVIORAL	music	Participants listened a song with headphones that lasts 29 minutes and 32 seconds for four days (three days before menstruation and the first day of menstruation).
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT	Chocolate group	Participants ate 40 mg of dark chocolate with 60% cocoa per a day for four days (three days before menstruation and the first day of menstruation) that was given by researchers to them.

Timeline

• Start date: 2021-01-30
• Primary completion: 2021-09-30
• Completion: 2021-12-30
• First posted: 2021-06-03
• Last updated: 2022-03-11

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Turkey (Türkiye)