NCT04477395

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Non-surgical Treatment of Periodontitis

Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids EPA and DHA as an Adjunct to Non-surgical Treatment of Periodontitis: a Randomized Clinical Trial

• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 50 (actual)
• Sponsor: Medical University of Lodz · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 20 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease that lead to the loss of supportive tissues around the teeth with gradual deterioration of masticatory function and esthetics, resulting eventually in the decrease of the quality of life. Host immune response triggered by bacterial biofilm is responsible for the chronic periodontal inflammation and ongoing tissue loss. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have anti-inflammatory properties, thus may be used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with PUFAs omega-3 in the patients with periodontitis stage III and IV.

Detailed description

Periodontitis is highly prevalent oral disease in humans affecting nearly 50% of the population worldwide. Periodontitis is multifactorial disease individually accelerated or decelerated by different factors. One of them, a bacterial biofilm, leads to dysbiosis and raise of Gram-negative bacteria.This results in the activations of immune response and clinical signs of periodontal tissue inflammation. Host modulation therapy seems to be an adequate concept for the treatment of periodontal diseases. The main assumption of this therapy is to reduce by-stander tissue destruction, to ensure rapid resolution of inflammation or even to promote regeneration of the periodontal tissues by modifying or down-regulating the destructive aspects of the host response and by up-regulating the protective or regenerative responses The goal of the present study was to assess the effect of high-dose omega-3 PUFAs EPA and DHA on the clinical outcome of non-surgical treatment of the patients with generalized periodontitis stage III and IV. It was presumed that dietary supplementation with high-dose EPA and DHA would have the potential to induce a measurable clinical outcome as a result of reduction of inflammation and minimizing tissue damage mediated by anti-inflammatory effect of omega-3 PUFAs. To address this issue, a randomized clinical trial was designed in which EPA and DHA were supplemented in adjunction to the standard periodontal therapy, scaling and root planning (SRP). Clinical outcomes of active versus control therapies were measured in addition to the quantifications of saliva cytokines, chemokines, subgingival biofilm composition and serum levels of lipids.

Conditions

• Periodontitis
• Therapeutics
• Fatty Acids, Unsaturated

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT	fish oil	SRP will be supplemented with the dietary fish oil rich in omega-3 PUFAs EPA and DHA for 6 months. Fish oil (BioMarine Medical, 200 ml liquid), obtained from Tasmanian deep sea shark and Norwegian cod liver and sardine, anchovy and mackerel muscle, will be administered two times a day at a dose 10 ml. Daily dose of 20 ml provides 2.6 g of EPA and 1.8 g of DHA.
PROCEDURE	SRP only	Scaling and root planing will be the only method of treatment.

Timeline

• Start date: 2017-11-01
• Primary completion: 2021-04-10
• Completion: 2021-09-30
• First posted: 2020-07-20
• Last updated: 2022-11-01

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Poland