NCT03195049

Complications of Exchange Transfusion in Neonates

• Status: Unknown
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 50 (estimated)
• Sponsor: Assiut University · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 1 Day – 4 Weeks
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

Exchange transfusion is effective and considered to be safe procedure ; however, it is not without risks. Complications have been reported and mortality rates vary from 0.5 to 3.3%. therefore ,the current recommendation for performing exchange transfusion are based on balance between the risks of encephalopathy and complications related to the procedure .

Detailed description

About 60% of term and 80% of preterm infants have clinical jaundice in the first week after birth but only 2% to 16% of them develop severe hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin \> 25mg/dl) ,which is an emergency because it may cause neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus), which can result in death or irreversible brain damage in survivor. Exchange transfusion is the standard method of therapy for immediate treatment of severe hyperbilirubinemia and prevention of kernicterus. Although the frequency of neonatal exchange transfusion has declined markedly in the past two decades, this procedure is still performed in many countries, especially in those with a high incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Exchange transfusion is effective and considered to be safe procedure ; however, it is not without risks. Complications have been reported and mortality rates vary from 0.5 to 3.3%. therefore,the current recommendation for performing exchange transfusion are based on balance between the risks of encephalopathy and complications related to the procedure . Most of these complications are transient, such as severe thrombocytopenia, apnea, hypocalcemia , bradycardia, and hyperkalemia and recovery is expected along with appropriate care and follow up. But serious complications and even death can occurs due to cardiovascular collapse during exchange , necrotizing enterocolitis, bacterial sepsis, and pulmonary hemorrhage that can be avoided by careful cardio-pulmonary and oxygen saturation monitoring.

Conditions

• Kernicterus

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
DIAGNOSTIC_TEST	blood group,complete blood count	measure levels of total and direct bilirubin before, during and after the procedure of exchange transfusion

Timeline

• Start date: 2018-04-15
• Primary completion: 2019-04-15
• Completion: 2019-09-15
• First posted: 2017-06-22
• Last updated: 2017-06-22