NCT01585818

Dietary Intervention in Diabetes Mellitus (DIDM)- Intermediate and Acute Effects

Nutrition Studies and Dietary Intervention in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus of Chinese, Malay and Indian Ethnicity

• Status: Unknown
• Phase: Phase 2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 160 (estimated)
• Sponsor: National University Hospital, Singapore · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 45 Years – 64 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

Lifestyle modification, in particular adopting an appropriate dietary pattern, is generally accepted as the cornerstone for the treatment of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Consumption of low glycaemic index (GI) meals have been shown to improve glycaemic control, lipid profile and reduced systemic inflammation. However, these studies and international evidence-based nutritional recommendations are principally based on people of European ethnicity consuming fairly typical "western" diets. There are few published controlled dietary intervention studies which have attempted to determine appropriate dietary patterns for the treatment of diabetes amongst populations consuming rice-based diets. HYPOTHESIS 1. The glycaemic response over 6 days as measured by CGMS will have a lower mean glucose level and postprandial increase in individuals consuming the LGI compared with the SDI meal plan. 2. A LGI meal plan is acceptable and participants will adhere and comply to the diet to the same level as those receiving the SDI meal plan. 3. Glycaemic and metabolic parameters as measured by integrated area under the curve (IAUC) of glucose and insulin are lower after a single meal comprising of LGI than compared with an SDI meal. 4. The effect of a single meal of LGI reduces appetite and increases satiety compared with a meal of SDI.

Detailed description

This study builds on the information collected from phase 1 which involved the documentation of clinical and metabolic characteristics and dietary practices of Chinese individuals with T2DM. In addition to information from a separate study on GI testing of locally consumed carbohydrate containing foods, we have formulated a meal plan comprising of low GI carbohydrates. Participants will be randomised into the low GI (LGI) intervention arm or standard dietary intervention (SDI) arm and receive counselling and advice from a dietitian, embark on a two week protocol to test the recommended diet, be reviewed by the dietitian, and undergo a 3 to 6 day continuous glucose monitoring period before and after the LGI or SDI diet. In addition, they will undergo 2 separate single day test meals comprising of low GI and high GI foods. Participants in both groups will be given resources including detailed instructions and meal plans that are comparable between the two arms in terms of contact with research personnel, instructions and meal plans which are isocaloric and have similar macronutrient composition appropriate for their energy requirements. Participants will be advised to continue on the meal plans and diet for a further 22 weeks. At the second month, a telephone call will be made to the participant to review compliance. At month 3 and month 6, participants will be asked to attend after an overnight fast from 10pm, for a blood sample, return a food diary/ recall, measurement of anthropometry and blood pressure. In addition, they will complete a questionnaire

Conditions

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
OTHER	Low Glycemic Index (LGI) intervention arm	The general principles for the LGI intervention arm include the SDI principles and instructions on GI, identifying foods of different GI, switching to low GI food and having at least one low GI food per meal and suggested meals with recipes. Participants will also have the opportunity to attend sessions to learn how to cook meals with low GI.
OTHER	Standard Diet Intervention	The general principles for the SDI arm are to provide an understanding of carbohydrates, be isocaloric based on assessment from the food diary/ recall and anthropometric measures, provide a personalised even distribution of carbohydrate throughout the day, have general recommendations such as reduction of fat, sodium, sugar and an increase in fibre. Participants will be provided with a list of carbohydrates to take during the intervention period and will be provided a supply of carbohydrates for that period

Timeline

• Start date: 2011-08-01
• Primary completion: 2014-05-01
• Completion: 2014-08-01
• First posted: 2012-04-26
• Last updated: 2014-01-17

Locations

1 site across 1 country: Singapore