NCT01441271

Optimal Surgical Treatment Of Fulminant Clostridium Difficile Colitis

Diverting Loop Ileostomy and Colonic Lavage: An Alternative To Total Abdominal Colectomy For The Treatment Of Fulminant Clostridium Difficile Colitis. A Randomized Controlled Trial.

• Status: Terminated
• Phase: N/A
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 1 (actual)
• Sponsor: Massachusetts General Hospital · Academic / Other
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

The investigators hypothesize that minimally invasive ileal diversion with intraoperative colonic lavage using a high volume polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution will clear Clostridium difficile infection resulting in eradication of Fulminant C. difficile colitis (FCDC) while preserving the colon. Furthermore, the investigators hypothesize this will reduce morbidity and mortality compared to total abdominal colectomy.

Detailed description

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) affects more than 3 million patients per year in the United States, and is increasing in frequency \[2-15\]. Approximately 8 % of hospitalized patients are infected with C. difficile \[12\]. Of these patients 3% - 8% will develop the fulminant disease, defined as C. difficile colitis with significant systemic toxic effects and shock, resulting in need for colectomy or death \[2\]. Fulminant C. difficile colitis (FCDC) is a highly lethal disease with mortality rates ranging between 12% - 80% \[2-6,8-15\]. A retrospective study in our own institution identified a 35% mortality rate for FCDC \[2\]. The indications for surgical management of patients with FCDC are not clearly defined, however most advocate surgical intervention in patients with worsening clinical exams, peritonitis, or patients in shock. Total abdominal colectomy (also called subtotal colectomy) with end ileostomy has been advocated as the operation of choice and has been demonstrated to marginally improve survival compared to non-operative management in these critically ill patients. A total abdominal colectomy has many disadvantages. Most important, mortality rates continue to range from 35-80%. Additionally, total abdominal colectomy (subtotal colectomy) can result in significant morbidity, and many survivors will have a permanent ileostomy. The new treatment option that will be tested in this randomized controlled trial (RCT) may change the standard of care. Based on a small prospective series from Neal and colleagues \[1\] the investigators propose an alternative surgical approach for the management of FCDC, which may prove a safer and simpler option. Based on the nature of the disease as a bacterial toxin-mediated mucosal inflammatory process with delayed and indirect systemic threats to life, the investigators think that minimally invasive ileal diversion with intraoperative colonic lavage using a high volume polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution will clear Clostridium difficile infection resulting in eradication of FCDC while preserving the colon.

Conditions

• Clostridium Difficile Colitis

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
PROCEDURE	Ileal diversion and lavage	The surgical approach involves an attempted laparoscopic creation of a loop ileostomy after visually assessing the colon to assure viability. If the loop is unable to be safely performed laparoscopically an open loop ileostomy will be performed. Intraoperatively, 8 liters of warmed polyethylene glycol 3350/electrolyte solution \[GoLytely®; Braintree Laboratories\] will be infused into the colon via the ileostomy and collected via a rectal drainage tube. Post-operatively, the patients will receive antegrade vancomycin flushes \[500 mg in 500 ml of Lactated Ringers; q8 hours for duration of 10 days\] via a Malecot catheter \[24 French\] left in the efferent limb of the ileostomy (Figure 1). Additionally patients will be continued on intravenous metronidazole \[500mg q8 hours\] for 10 days.
PROCEDURE	total abdominal colectomy	The surgical approach of the colon in a total abdominal colectomy involves a midline incision. The complete colon in the abdomen (from ileum to rectum) will be removed and an end ileostomy is performed.

Timeline

• Start date: 2012-09-01
• Primary completion: 2012-10-01
• Completion: 2013-09-01
• First posted: 2011-09-27
• Last updated: 2015-05-01

Locations

1 site across 1 country: United States