NCT01239368

Th1/Tc1 Immunotherapy Following Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma

Rapamycin-Resistant T Cell Therapy of Multiple Myeloma: Relapse Prevention and Relapse Therapy

• Status: Terminated
• Phase: Phase 1 / Phase 2
• Study type: Interventional
• Enrollment: 34 (actual)
• Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI) · NIH
• Sex: All
• Age: 18 Years – 75 Years
• Healthy volunteers: Not accepted

Summary

Background: \- Cancer development is associated with problems in immune system functions, which prevent the body from attacking and destroying the abnormal cells that lead to tumor growth. Research has suggested that certain white blood cells, known as Th1 (type 1 T helper cells) and Th2 T cells (type 2 T helper cells), are affected in individuals with some kinds of cancer -- when the proportion of Th2 cells is greater than Th1 cells, the immune systems ability to fight off the growth of malignant tumors is weakened. Researchers are interested in determining if an infusion of specially modified Th1 cells, in addition to stem cell transplant, is a safe and effective treatment for individuals with forms of multiple myeloma that might not respond well to standard treatments alone. Objectives: \- To determine the safety and effectiveness of the infusion of modified Th1 white blood cells, in conjunction with standard treatment, as a treatment for individuals who have been diagnosed with high-risk forms of multiple myeloma. Eligibility: * Individuals age 18 to 75 who have been newly diagnosed with high-risk multiple myeloma and who have received no or minimal treatment (Cohort A). * Individuals age 18 to 75 who have relapsed multiple myeloma, as defined by measurable disease after at least 2 prior treatment regimens. Design: * Participants will be screened with a medical history, physical examination, blood and urine tests, and imaging studies. Some participants may also have a bone marrow or other type biopsy to evaluate the state of their disease. * White blood cells will be collected from the participants through an apheresis procedure, which will collect and separate the white blood cells and return the rest of the blood to the participant. * The collected cells will be grown and expanded under special conditions in the laboratory and stored frozen until participants receive standard of care treatment for multiple myeloma, including a stem cell transplant. * Participants will receive an infusion of the modified Th1 cells a few weeks after the transplant, and will remain in the hospital for a few days after receiving the cells to monitor the possible immediate effects of the treatment. * Participants will have regular follow-up visits to study the long-term effects of the modified Th1 cell infusion.

Detailed description

Background: * Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (AHCT), which represents the standard of care for newly diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM), is not curative therapy. New approaches to prevent relapse after AHCT and to treat relapse are needed. * In murine models, we used ex vivo culture to generate rapamycin-resistant, Th1 (type 1 T helper cells)/Tc1 (T cytotoxic cells, type 1) polarized T cells (Th1/Tc1.Rapamycin (Rapa) cells) that were both rapamycin-resistant and apoptosis-resistant with an increased in vivo survival and in vivo function. * Because Th1 /Tc1 polarized lymphocytes are pivotal in anti-tumor effects, we hypothesize that adoptive transfer of Th1/Tc1Rapa cells will be of benefit to MM patients. Objectives: Primary Dose escalation study Evaluate the feasibility and toxicity of an infusion of autologous, ex vivo rapamycin-generated, anti-cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) and anti-cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28) co-stimulated, Th1/Tc1 lymphocytes (Th1/Tc1.Rapa cells) in subjects diagnosed with high-risk multiple myeloma following AHCT. MM Relapse Prevention and Treatment Cohorts * For Cohort A, in newly diagnosed MM patients who have received AHCT, evaluate the safety of a defined regimen of Th1/Tc1.Rapa cell therapy and determine progression-free survival. * For Cohort B, in relapsed MM, determine the partial response (PR)/complete response (CR) rate of Th1/Tc1.Rapa cell therapy. Eligibility: * For Cohort A relapse prevention, patients with MM (normal- or high-risk) who are receiving induction therapy and subsequent AHCT. * For Cohort B relapse therapy, patients with MM who have measurable disease after at least 2 prior treatment regimens. Design: * For Cohort A, patients will receive two infusions of autologous Th1/Tc1.Rapa cells (at one and two months post-AHCT; each infusion preceded by a 7-day course of immune modulating chemotherapy \[pentostatin plus low-dose cyclophosphamide; PC regimen\]. * For Cohort B relapse therapy, patients will up to four infusions of Th1/Tc1.Rapa cells, with each infusion preceded by either a 7-day or 14-day PC regimen.

Conditions

• Myeloma, Plasma-Cell
• Myeloma-Multiple
• Myelomatosis

Interventions

Type	Name	Description
PROCEDURE	Adoptive Immunotherapy	Th1 (type 1 T helper cells)/Tc1 (T cytotoxic cells, type 1) Rapa cell infusion will be evaluated after administration of a 7-day or 14-day course of immune depleting chemotherapy (pentostatin plus cyclophosphamide regimen).
BIOLOGICAL	Rapamycin-Generated Autologous Th1/Tc1 Cells (modified primary human T cells)	Six Th1/Tc1 Rapa cell doses will be tested in cohorts of 1-6 subjects each: ranging from 10e(5) to 15 x 10e(6) cells/kg of body weight.
BIOLOGICAL	Th1/Tc1 Rapa Cell Therapy	Th1/Tc1Rapa: 5 x 10e(6) cells/kg

Timeline

• Start date: 2010-11-10
• Primary completion: 2017-08-16
• Completion: 2017-08-16
• First posted: 2010-11-11
• Last updated: 2019-12-10
• Results posted: 2018-10-16

Locations

2 sites across 1 country: United States

Regulatory

• FDA-regulated drug study